AI-Optimised Electrolysers and Batteries Deliver New Value for Denmark’s Power-to-X Future

Pioneering Power-to-X Project Validates Electrolysers and Batteries for Denmark’s Energy System

The ViPES2X project demonstrates how electrolysers and battery systems, operated through an AI-supported optimisation model, can optimise power pricing while actively supporting grid balancing and system flexibility under real Danish grid conditions.

Copenhagen, Denmark – A Danish consortium supported by the Energy Technology Development and Demonstration Programme (EUDP) has successfully completed the ViPES2X project. The project delivers new evidence showing how electrolysers and battery systems can be tested, validated, and operated under real grid conditions.

Importantly, the results demonstrate that when these technologies are supported by advanced AI-based optimisation models, they can optimise power pricing, participate effectively in grid balancing markets, and provide critical flexibility to Denmark’s future energy system.

As a result, the project represents an important milestone for Denmark’s national Power-to-X (P2X) ambitions. It offers a clear technical and economic foundation for scaling hydrogen production and energy storage in a renewable-dominated electricity system.

Establishing a Transparent Testing Framework for Power-to-X

A core outcome of ViPES2X is the establishment of a transparent and repeatable testing framework. This framework assesses the electrical behaviour, dynamic response, and operational flexibility of electrolysers and batteries.

Unlike traditional laboratory testing, the framework evaluates technologies under realistic grid conditions. For example, it captures performance during rapid power fluctuations, market-driven operation, and long-term cycling.

Moreover, by linking physical performance to techno-economic indicators such as efficiency, degradation, lifetime, and cost, the framework creates a shared and factual basis for decision-making. Consequently, developers, grid operators, and investors gain greater confidence in system behaviour. This, in turn, supports more accurate planning, permitting, and financing of future P2X projects.

AI-Supported Virtual Power Plant Enables Smarter Optimisation

At the heart of the project was an AI-supported Virtual Power Plant (VPP). This system coordinated the operation of electrolysers, battery storage, and slower energy assets, including heat pumps and district heating networks.

The VPP continuously evaluated operational strategies by forecasting electricity prices, grid balancing opportunities, system losses, and component degradation. In addition, the AI model compared expected operating costs with potential revenue from energy savings and participation in balancing and ancillary service markets.

As a result, assets could be optimised in real time. Short-term economic gains were therefore balanced against long-term performance and asset health.

Key quantified outcomes from the project include:

• Approximately 15% reduction in hydrogen production costs through predictive modelling of electrolyser degradation

• 15–20% increase in battery lifetime enabled by forecasting long-term degradation trends

• Up to 45% reduction in battery degradation achieved through co-optimisation with slower, more flexible assets

Overall, these results confirm that electrolysers and batteries deliver significantly higher value when operated as part of an intelligently controlled portfolio rather than as standalone assets.

Demonstrated Grid Support and Operational Flexibility

ViPES2X also demonstrated that modern electrolysers and battery systems can provide fast and stable grid support while maintaining efficient hydrogen production.

The technologies showed strong dynamic performance. Therefore, they were able to respond rapidly to grid signals and contribute to balancing and frequency regulation services.

Furthermore, the project documented clear performance envelopes covering efficiency, dynamic operation, degradation behaviour, and key cost drivers. These insights provide practical guidance for future Danish P2X projects, particularly those focused on maximising system value and ensuring long-term bankability.

Supporting Denmark’s Power-to-X Strategy

As Denmark accelerates its national Power-to-X strategy, robust validation of electrolyser and battery performance under real operating conditions becomes essential.

ViPES2X delivers concrete evidence that advanced electrolysis and storage technologies can be integrated with district heating and other energy assets. Consequently, they can support both competitive hydrogen production and a stable, resilient power system.

By demonstrating how AI-supported optimisation aligns power pricing, grid balancing, and long-term asset performance, the project strengthens confidence among investors, utilities, and policymakers. Ultimately, this reinforces the role of Power-to-X as a cornerstone of Denmark’s green energy transition.

Industry Perspective

Søren Højgaard Jensen, CTO and Founder of Dynelectro, commented:

“High-performance electrolysis must be understood in real grid conditions, not just in the lab. This project shows that our technology responds dynamically and reliably under demanding scenarios. Next-generation electrolysers using our proprietary technology can play a central role in cost-effective, integrated power and hydrogen production.”

About the ViPES2X Project

The ViPES2X project was funded by EUDP to strengthen Denmark’s leadership in Power-to-X technologies. The consortium included Hybrid Greentech, DTU Energy, DTU Wind Energy, Imperial College London, Green Hydrogen Systems, Lhyfe, Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy, and Dynelectro.

By combining technology development, system integration, and advanced analytics, the partners established a clear pathway for the commercial deployment of electrolysers and battery storage at scale.

About Dynelectro

Founded in 2018, Dynelectro develops advanced and sustainable energy solutions based on solid-oxide electrolysis technology. The company commercialises MW-scale Dynamic Electrolyser Units (DEUs) that deliver high efficiency, long lifetimes, and dynamic operation.

As a result, hydrogen production can follow the availability of cost-effective renewable energy more closely.

For more Information Contact 

Samantha Phillips, Co-founder & COO 
info@dynelectro.dk | dynelectro.dk